Rotary valveless motor.



D. CRAYSSAC. ROTARY VALVELESS MOTOR. ABPLIOATION FILED APR. 23, 1912.

Patented Dec. 23, 1913.

lll ,082,224.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I Winesse .`D. CRAYSSAC. ROTARY VALVBLESS MOTOR. APPLIUATIONFILBD'APLza,1912.

. G 3. 4, mm L5y, www .im wav QUH K 2 J"n w .M wm NC DE W/E du mm m2 5M n ,E 6 t DY a P ATTORNEY .UNITED sTATEs DESIRE cnaYss/ic, or VILLEURBANNE, FRANCE.

ROTARY VALVELEBS MOTQR.

ild.

Application med April 2'3,

Specication of Letters l'atent.

Patented Dec. 23, 1913. 1912. serial No. .$92,565.

To all whom 'it may concern: ,Be it known that ll, DESIRE CRAYSSAC, c1t1- .zen of France, residing at Villeurbanne,

Rhne, France, have invented new and usement of these arms is determined according to the number and the disposition of the cylinders of the motor, in such a manner that the admission of the explosion gases through the hollow piston rods may be effected at the proper time; the exhaust of the waste gases -is efected through ports in the cylinders of the motor, and ports in the di stributingcrown above specified. The distributing-crown is provided, on its internal periphery with teeth which gear with a toothed wheel, mounted eccentrically on the crank of the driving shaft, and is driven by suit-able gearing permitting it to follow the angular motion of pistons of the motor, in order to insure the correct working of the several steps in the cycle of operat-ions.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in Which- Figure l is a section on the line I-I of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a section on the line II-II of Fig. l. Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are diagrammatic views'showing the several relative positions 0f the parts of the device, during a complete turn of the motor. Fig. 7 is a partial sectional View, and in front elevation, taken on the line Ill-III of Fig. l, the cheek plate .l being removed. Fig. 8 is a detail view of the means for driving the gear VR from the piston fork F,

The motor includes pistonsl p p7 which are'firmly secured to a crown C by hollow rods t. t7, cast therewith; the axes of .the said rods and the axes of the correspondin cylinders c c7, bein regularly dis-pos around the axis m-y o the crank V. Within the crown C is a second crown lD, lacting as a distributer of the explosion gases to the several cylinders ofthe motor, for feeding the latter; the said crown is constructed as follows: This crown D is furnished with a hollow hub m, mounted on the Crank V of the sha-ft M, and comprises a circular chamber d, connected through a port 0 and a pi e c, to a tube disposed in the stud ofthe sha 't M, and parallel to the axis ae-y. 0n the hub m are disposed hollow arms b. b4, which communicate freely with the chamber d, the open ends a a4 of the said arms sliding on the internal surface of the crown C; perfect tightness being insured between the crowns C and D, in order to avoid any escape of gases.

The admission into t-he cylinders of the motor is effected when one of the open ends a o.4 of t-he arms b ZJ* comes opposite .one of the open ends o .o7 of the piston rods.

The exhaust of the waste gases is effected through ports f in the cylinders and ports e..,.e in the crown D; the ports f' are opened and closed by the correspending pistons, according to the actual position of the same, and the ports c...e4 are brought opposite to the open ends 0,...07 of the hollow rods ...t7, by therelative movementof the crowns D and C. The said relative movement is obtained as follows: The crown D is furthe teeth of a toothed wheel R mounted eccentrically on the crank V; the wheel R is connected to the pistons by means of a bar B, engaging a fork F on a piston, in order to permit the free displacement of the said bar in the direction of the axis of the said piston, and also the relative displacement of the crowns D and C. The diagramma-tical views of the Figs. 3, 4f, 5 and 6, indicate the several steps of the relative movement of the said crowns, during a complete revolution Of the motor.

During the Working ofthe system, the axes of the cylinders c c7 must, of course, coincide constantly with the axes of the corresponding pistons, and, for this purpose they are adapted to receive a movement per' pendicularly to their axis, the said movement having a stroke equal to the eccentricity separating the crank V and the axis -g/ of t-he shaft .M. For this purpose ball bearings B', B2 are disposed .between the Vtwo cheek-plates J', J2 supporting the studs T, T2 of the shaft M, and `the square shoulders' P', P2 0n the cylinders. As indicated in the Fig. 7, the ball bearings B', B2, are

nished with `internal teeth E gearing withl arranged on each cheek plate J', J2, par- 'allel to each of the sides of the polygon formed by the corresponding cheek plate, and they are mounted in the following manner: On the rims or edges j', j2 of the cheek plates are mounted plates g', g2 securely attached to the housing of the ball bea-rings.-

The projecting square shoulders or flanges vide ball races between the edges or flanges 2', 2 of the cheek-plates J', J2, and the square shoulders P', P2 of the cylinder; the edges or flanges z", 2, act in fact, only to guide withoutany appreciable amount of friction, the shoulders P', P2, and to support the cylinder on the stoppage of the motor, the whole of the frictional pressure being exerted, during working, between the races h', h2 and the bal races B', B2. Under these conditions it wil be readily understood that, the motor revolving in the direction indicated by the arrow w (F ig. 7), the axes t' t7 of the pistons, which are mounted on the crown C, will turn about the axis of the first lcrank V`, which is concentric with the said crown, while the cheek plates J', J2, which support the cylinders, by means of ball bearings B', B2 will rotate about the fixed axis X-Y of the motor, in relation to which the crank V is eccentric. The result of this eccentricity is that the cylinders, in their movement of rotation about the crank V, will receive a relative displacement in respect of the cheek plates, in view of which very displacement the ball-bearings B', B2 have been provided. Thus, for example, supposing that Fig. 7 represents the seven successive positions occupied by one cylinder during one revolution of the motor, it will be seen that, in the initial position, the axle p' coincides with the radius m', passing through the middle of the first side of the seven-sided regular polygon formed by the cheek plate. At the end of of a revolution, the axis p2 is shifted toward the right to the radius m2 to the extent 52; at the end of of a revolution the axis p3 is again shifted more' toward the right relatively to the radius m3 to the extent E3; at the end of f?? of a revolution, the axis p* commences to return toward the left, and is only shifted toward the right, relatively to theradius m4, to the extent 5t; by then, the shifting toward the left of the axes p5, p6 and p7, relatively to the radii m5, m6 and m7, have the relative successive values 85, B6, B7, equal to the values 8*, 83, and 62, respectively; and lastly, after a complete revolution, the common axis ofthe piston and of the cylinder returns into coincidence with the radius 'm'.

The above mentioned different displacements of the cylinders on the ball-races eX- plain `the arrangement that the cylinders show on the drawings, wherein it will be seen that they are very farapart one from the other at the upper part of Figs. 2 and 7, but very close together at the lower part of these same figures. As regards the mounting of the cylinders, it will be observed that the square shoulders P', P2, of the cylinders bear against the ball bearings B', B2, by the effect of centrifugal force, and are held in place by the straight edges j', j2, curved at a right angle to the two cheekplates J', J2, which inclose them. These cheek-plates are permanently connected together by bolts, the holes for which are shown at n, in Figs. 2 and 7. ln these conditions, the cylinders cannot escape as, on the one hand, they are gripped by the bent over sides of the cheek plates J', J 2, while, on the other hand, they can move along their ball races, forward, or backward, relatively to their mean position, which movement is necessitated by the fact that the pistons 72' p7, their rods 2f' t", and thecrown C are all in one, and form a rigid whole revolving on the axis V, which is ec-` centric to the axis 1J-y, around which the cheek-plates J', J2, revolve, by means of the ball bearings at u', u2. The distribution is effected in an absolutely analogous manner to that of the working of a sliding distributer of a locomotive, but with this sole difference, that the motor cylinders C' C7 being arranged around a crown, the sliding distributer is circular.

In order to bring, successively, and at the proper moment, the inlet ports a' a7, at the end of the hollow arms b' o, and the exhaust ports c' c4, in the crown D, opposite the ports o' 07, in the crown C, corresponding to the hollow rods t' 257 of the'pistons through which the admission is effected, it is necessary to malte the distributing drum or crown D revolve at a speed different from that at which the pistons revolved, and the crown C with which they are a fixture. To this end, the distributing drum D carries an internally toothed wheel 1 E which meshes with the toothed wheel B, which is eccentric to the wheel E so as to drive the distributing drum at a speed different from that of the wheel R. This wheel R is mounted on the crank V of the shaft M' and is driven, so as to revolve at the same speeds of the wheels E and R, is for a which it is fast, each of these bars engaging, at its free end, in a fork F, xed to the piston rod, (Figs. l and 8). The ratio of the speeds of the wheelsl E and R, is for a seven-cylinder motor, so that the distribution is eected in the same manner as in rotary motors of the Gnme type. Thus, from this movement, the distributing drum D will revolve at a speed which will be g of the speed of the pistons, and in the same direction as these lat-ter, the pistons revolving at the speed of the toothed wheel R, which they drive.

In order to insure the tight-ness of the joints between the crowns C and D, opposite to the open ends o 07, packing rings s s7 are disposed in corresponding recesses at the end of the hollow rods t tl. Further, in order to compensate the action of the centrifugal force on the said packing rings during the working of the system, suitable devices insuring perfect contact between the said rings and the crown D, are provided on the crown C; the drawing indicate, for this purpose the establishment of little pistons u submitted to the action of pushing springs 1.

Having thus described the nature of my invention and the manner to perform it, what ll claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A rotary and valveless internal combustion engine including a stationary shaft, two flanges rotating on the end of said shaft, and supporting cylinders; pistons movable in the said cylinders and provided with hollow rods; a first crown rotating on a stationary crank of the aforesaid shaft, concentric with the said crank, and on which are firmly secured the piston rods; a second crown mounted concentrically with the first, and provided wit-h a hollow hub and hollow arms communicating with the said hub; a feeding pipe, disposed in one end of the stationary shaft of the motor and leading explosion gases tothe hub of the second' crown; ports in the first crown at the ends of the hollow piston rods; and in the second crown at the ends o the hollow arms; the number nof the cylinders and the disposition of their axes, as regards the number and the 'disposition of the hollow arms of the second crown, be-

ing determined in order to insure the suitable regulation of the admission of the explosion gases into the cylinders, through the hollow piston rods. 1 v

2. A rotary and valveless internal combustionengine including aistationary shaft,

two flanges rotating on the stationary axis orts of the motor and supporting cylinders; pisl,tons movable in the said cylinders and provided with hollow rods; a first crown rotating on a stationary crankof the aforesaid axis, concentric with the said crank, and on which are firmly secured the said rods; a second crown mounted on the said crank, and exactly fitted in the first; internal teeth on the said second crown; a toothed wheel eccentrically mounted on the said crank and coacting with the internal teeth of the second crown; and suitable transmission means to impart to the said toothed wheel a motion corresponding to the angular displacement of the pistons, in order toinsure the correct working of the several steps in the cycle of operations.

3. A rotary and valveless internal combustion engine including a stationary shaft, I

second crown mounted on the saidv crank,

exactly fitted in the first, and provided with a hollow hub and hollow arms communicat-- ing with the said hub; feeding pipe, 'dis'- posed in4 one end of the stationary shaft of the motor and leading explosion gases to the hub of the second crown; ports in the firstcrown at the ends of the hollow piston rods; ports in the second crown at the ends of the hollow arms; ports in the cylinders for the direct exhaust. of the waste gases; ports in the second crown for the exhaust of the waste gases through the hollow platen rods; internal teeth on the said second crown; a toothed wheel eccentrically mounted on t-he said crank and coacting with the internal teeth of the second crown; and

suitable transmission means to impart. to the said toothed wheel a motion corresponding to the angular displacement of the pistons, in order to insure the correct working of the several stops in the cycle of the operations.

ln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

DESIRE onavssao.A Witnesses:

\ FnANoIs GLorrs,

LoUIs JANIN. 

